材料的宏观性能往往与它的微结构特征密不可分。作为一种尖端的测试技术，纳米压痕测得的是水泥基材料微结构中各相的本质力学特性。概述了纳米压痕的基本原理以及水泥基材料的样品制备方法和试验制度的确定，重点介绍了纳米压痕在水泥基材料中的研究进展，并对存在的一些问题尤其是定量分析中的问题进行了讨论。将纳米压痕和其他测试分析方法结合起来，对于分析和调控材料的宏观性能以及揭示水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)凝胶在纳米尺度的物理化学性能具有重要意义。

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