综述了微结构单元提高介孔MCM－41分子筛水热稳定性的主要合成方法和研究现状，系统分析了不同微结构单元对介孔分子筛MCM－41水热稳定性的影响规律，探讨了微结构单元与介孔分子筛水热稳定性之间的关联度，阐释了微结构单元合成镶嵌结构或核壳结构的高水热稳定性介孔分子筛的机理，最后展望了高水热稳定性介孔分子筛的应用前景。

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